Day 2 :
Keynote Forum
Bahman Zohuri
Galaxy Advanced Engineering Inc., USA
Keynote: Business Resilience System driven through Boolean, Fuzzy Logics and Cloud Computation
Time : 09:45 AM
Biography:
Bahman Zohuri is currently working at the Galaxy Advanced Engineering, Inc. a consulting company that he stared himself in 1991 when he left both semiconductor and defense industries after many years working as a Chief Scientist. After graduating from University of Illinois in field of Physics and Applied Mathematics, he joined Westinghouse Electric Corporation where he performed thermal hydraulic analysis and natural circulation for Inherent Shutdown Heat Removal System (ISHRS) in the core of a Liquid Metal Fast Breeder Reactor (LMFBR) as a secondary fully inherent shut system for secondary loop heat exchange. He was a Consultant at Sandia National Laboratory after leaving United States Navy. He has earned his first Bachelor's degree in Applied Mathematics and his second one in Physics, Master’s degrees in Physics from the University of Illinois and his second Master’s degree in Mechanical Engineering and completed his Doctorate in Nuclear Engineering from University of New Mexico. He has been awarded three patents, published 26 textbooks, published more than 25 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an Editorial Board Member of repute.
Abstract:
Business resilience system with its risk atom and processing data point based on fuzzy logic and cloud computation in real time. Its purpose and objectives define a clear set of expectations for organizations and enterprises so their network system and supply chain are totally resilient and protected against cyber-attacks, manmade threats and natural disasters. These enterprises include financial, organizational, homeland security and supply chain operations with multi-point manufacturing across the world. Market shares and marketing advantages are expected to result from the implementation of the system. The collected information and defined objectives form the basis to monitor and analyze the data through cloud computation and will guarantee the success of their survivability's against any unexpected threats.
Keynote Forum
Aruna Saxena
MANIT, India
Keynote: Environmental planning and management of urban lake using fuzzy logics and geospatial technology- Case study Bhopal, MP, India
Biography:
Aruna Saxena has PhD in Architecture using Remote Sensing and GIS technology in 2002. She did Specialization in Advance Remote Sensing and GIS from International Institute of Aerospace Survey and Earth Sciences (ITC), Enschede, the Netherlands in 2006. She has published more about 70 research papers, guided 5 PhD thesis, 12 MTech thesis, authored one textbook on GIS and spatial data published in July 2008, organized various training programs and conferences, and prepared educational films.
Abstract:
India is home to a wide range of water impoundments located in a diversity of climates. The impoundments include natural lakes, wetlands and coastal lagoons, as well as constructed reservoirs and tanks. This research paper provides an overview of the urban lake management in Bhopal, India, focusing on use of geospatial and fuzzy logic techniques. Bhopal upper lake is exhibiting varying degrees of environmental degradation caused by encroachments, eutrophication (from domestic and industrial effluents) and siltation. The high population density ensures that this water body is under severe and direct pressure from anthropogenic activities in their catchments. Actions plans to control and prevent these problems are addressed using fuzzy logic and GIS techniques. The research on evaluation on lake water quality would help decision support system (DSS) for upgrading water bodies and would facilitates urban planner, environmental experts and the community towards the conservation of water bodies.
Keynote Forum
Monica Wachowicz
Cisco Innovation Chair in Big Data Analytics,NSERC/Cisco Industrial Research Chair in Real-Time Mobility Analytics at the University of New Brunswick, Canada and Director of the People in Motion Laboratory
Keynote: Beyond GIS in the era of the Internet of Things
Time : 9:45 AM
Biography:
Dr. Monica Wachowicz is the Cisco Innovation Chair in Big Data Analytics and the NSERC/Cisco Industrial Research Chair in Real-Time Mobility Analytics at the University of New Brunswick, Canada. She is also the Director of the People in Motion Laboratory, a centre of expertise in the application of Internet of Things (IoT) to smart cities. She works at the intersection of (1) streaming data analytics for analyzing massive data from the Internet of Things in search of valuable spatio-temporal patterns in real-time; and (2) Art, Cartography, and Representations of human mobility behavior for making the maps of the future which will be culturally and linguistically designed to provide a greater “sense of people” in motion. Founding member of the IEEE Big Data Initiative and the International Journal of Big Data Intelligence, she is also joint Editor-in-Chief of the Cartographica Journal. Her pioneering work in multidisciplinary teams from government, industry and research organizations is fostering the next generation of data scientists for geospatial innovation.
Abstract:
Society has a very ambitious vision of large scale, digital and connected cities where anything can theoretically become part of the Internet of Things, allowing sensing, connectivity, and communication to take place without human intervention. This increase in the ability to create, transmit and analyze geospatial data raises new issues about whether the complexity of the data can best be exploited in GIS or there is a need to go beyond GIS. Intelligence functions will be required in the future so that emerging technologies such as the Internet of Things can best improve the efficiency and competitiveness of the environment in which cities operate. This paper explores the main issues by advances in Internet of Things in solving the key problems of cities that require a greater understanding of how citizens can effectively interact with the Internet of Things and what kind of big data analytics is crucial to generate intelligence that entails the creation of any value and appreciated services for citizens. We are in the midst of an exciting paradigm shift in which the future of GIS may not be a GIS.
Keynote Forum
Bahman Zohuri
Galaxy Advanced Engineering Inc., USA
Keynote: Business Resilience System driven through Boolean, Fuzzy logics and Cloud Computation
Time : 09:45 AM
Biography:
Dr. Subhasis Sen : completed his PhD in 1974 from Nagpur University and worked in Central Fuel Research Institute of the Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, India, as a geologist from where he retired in 1996. He has published more than 170 papers in reputed Indian and International journals and has published two books ‘Earth – the Planet Extraordinary’ and ‘Decoding the Solar System’. Dr. Sen has developed a global tectonics termed ‘Unified Global Tectonics’ for understanding the earth system. He also served as an Editor of the Gondwana Geological Magazine.
Abstract:
Business resilience system with its risk atom and processing data point based on fuzzy logic and cloud computation in real time. Its purpose and objectives define a clear set of expectations for organizations and enterprises so their network system and supply chain are totally resilient and protected against cyber-attacks, manmade threats and natural disasters. These enterprises include financial, organizational, homeland security and supply chain operations with multi-point manufacturing across the world. Market shares and marketing advantages are expected to result from the implementation of the system. The collected information and defined objectives form the basis to monitor and analyze the data through cloud computation and will guarantee the success of their survivability's against any unexpected threats.
- Geosciences | Petrology | Mineralogy | Engineering Geology | Oceanography | Geophysics | Remote Sensing | Applications of Remote Sensing | GIS | GPS and Photogrammetry | GIS Software | Disaster Assessment and Management | Remote Sensing and GIS Market | Entrepreneurs Investment meet | Natural Hazards and Disasters | Drones or Unmanned Aerial Systems in GIS
Location: Copa Room B
Chair
Aruna Saxena
Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, India
Co-Chair
Nepal C Dey
Research and Evaluation Division, BRAC, Bangladesh
Session Introduction
Nobuyoshi Imura
Chiba University, Japan
Title: Chiba University small SAR satellite
Time : 11:00-11:20
Biography:
Nobuyoshi Imura has his career at Mitsubishi Electric Corporation, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Chiba University. He has been engaged in development of synthetic aperture radar and development of radar satellite for about 40 years, and is pursuing consistent research and development of small SAR satellite, data processing technology and so on by integrating the knowledge and experience with the research achievements that Chiba University has done.
Abstract:
Center for Environmental Remote Sensing of Chiba University is currently developing a compact, lightweight (100 kg class) and low cost (about 800 million yen) Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) satellite, comparing to existing SAR satellites of large size, mass of several tons and manufacturing cost of billions of yen. We will provide this compact, low cost SAR satellite and reduce the burden on society and industry. Furthermore, we expand the research fields to new data utilization fields (infrastructure monitoring, land and sea surveillance, economic index extraction, etc.) as well as remote sensing fields such as enhancement of disaster prevention and reduction function and global environmental monitoring strengthening and we aim at creating a new business field by providing high frequency observation by constellation of its small SAR satellites and by providing extracting special data processing. Particularly, it is possible to develop new products for expanding use of remote sensing technology to contribute to the creation of advanced innovative remote sensing sensors by developing a compact SAR satellite specialized for a limited mission and advanced and inexpensive sophisticated data processing technology widely for general society and industry. The frequency of developed SAR is L, C and X bands. In this paper we describe the outline of the C band small SAR satellite, satellite bus system, SAR sensor system, constellation, ground system and prototype status.
James Kurt Lein
Ohio University, USA
Title: On the feasibility of satellite-based waste heat extraction at regional scales to support urban sustainability planning
Biography:
James Kurt Lein has obtained his Doctorate from Kent State University and is currently Professor of Geography at Ohio University, USA. His research focuses on Applied Geomatics with a concentration in remote sensing, environmental monitoring and land resource analysis. He has published numerous research papers and several books including Environmental Sensing: Analytic Techniques for Earth Observation (2012) and Futures Research and Environmental Sustainability: Theory and Method (2016).
Abstract:
Assessment and the inherently future oriented nature of sustainability decision making operate in an arena punctuated by uncertainty. As cities strive to reduce the adverse environmental aspects of urbanization there is a need to characterize existing environmental conditions to support effective planning. Urban surface frequently is characterized as an artificial landscape superimposed on the natural system. As urban patterns spread and intensity, the replacement of natural form with urban cover types has been shown to modify and degrade the functioning of natural environmental processes within and surrounding the urban footprint. Reducing the adverse environmental effects of urbanization on the natural system and preserving natural form in an urbanizing region remains a central objective in sustainability planning. One important strategy actively pursued by metropolitan areas involves urban greening. Prioritizing urban green space creation and identifying useful targets that can direct long term monitoring are essential to insure that greening agendas are contributing to the desired outcome. In this paper, remote sensed data is applied to estimate urban waste heat, calculated as a function of land surface temperature. The urban waste heat profile serves as a sustainability indicator that can be projected into the future in relation to observed trends in green space creation. The methodology employed in this study couples remote sensing techniques with cellular-based projections of green development over which waste heat patterns are calculated in a GIS environment. Through this combined methodology, green development scenarios can be critically evaluated over an extended time horizon.
Vishavjeet Singh Goraya
University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, India
Title: Source rock analysis of Krishna-Godavari Basin, India: Case study
Time : 11:40-12:00
Biography:
Vishavjeet Singh Goraya is a student of Geoscience Engineering at University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, India. He has presented various papers across India and internationally he has presented the paper in 4th International conference on Geology and Geosciences. He is an Emerging Geoscientist from India.
Abstract:
There are three major sedimentary basins along the east coast of India, namely, the Cauvery, the Krishna-Godavari and the Mahanadi. Among these basins Krishna-Godavari (KG) Basin is located between the major rivers Krishna and Godavari and also extending offshore has attracted many oil and gas companies due to its richness in hydrocarbon potential. This block comprises an area of 1850 km2 in NE-SW trending Krishna-Godavari Basin and is located on the eastern coast of Andhra Pradesh, India. It is a proved petroliferous basin (petroleum producing basin). Among the various techniques available, the geochemical technique involving total organic content (TOC) and Rock-Eval pyrolysis are regularly being used in hydrocarbon exploration. They provide information on the kerogen type, sedimentary environment, effective source rock identification and its thermal maturity. In the present study, core samples from the deep boreholes in the Krishna-Godavari Basin are analyzed to understand the hydrocarbon scenario in parts of the basin. Based on TOC and Rock-Eval pyrolysis significantly thick, indigenous immature to early mature gas prone shales from one borehole, while non-indigenous, early mature to mature oil and gas prone shales from the second borehole. Interpreted hydrocarbon typing is supported by well-testing analysis. Break in Vitrinite Reflectance profile is also observed; the indicator of significant erosion during late Cretaceous sedimentation due to tectonic uplift. During this time an associated high heat flow causes for thermal maturation of overlying units.
Khodani Matshusa
Council for Geoscience, Republic of South Africa
Title: Overview of abandoned mines in South Africa
Time : 12:00-12:20
Biography:
Khodani Matshusa completed his Master’s from University of Venda and is currently doing his Phd studies at University of Johannesburg. He is a Scientist-Team Leader at Council for Geoscience, a state owned geoscience research organization. He has published more than 11 papers in reputed journals and has been involved in several national and internal projects.
Abstract:
The South African economy benefits from the exploitation of mineral resources. There is however concern about the negative legacies left through the exploitation and processing of these minerals. In order to address the negative legacies from abandoned mines, the National Government of South Africa introdueced the “Programme for the Management of Derelict and Ownerless (D&O) Mines of South Africa”. The programme aims at reducing the South African state liability with respect to abandoned mines to a negligible level through updating the existin database, field verification, risk ranking and rehabilitation prioritisation. Specialist studies are being conducted on prioritised abandoned mines to be able to determine and quantify the impacts on the environment. This is essential for the selection of the appropriate rehabilitation techniques and monitoring. The specialist studies identified within this programme include: Geotechnical investigations; Geohydrological investigations; Dust and air quality studies; Geochemical studies; Phytoremediation techniques; Environmental studies on areas impacted by acid mine draianage (AMD), subsidence and spontaneous combustion; and Hydrological assessment of abandoned mines. To address the physical threat to people and animals due to these abandoned mines, the National Government of South Africa is closing a number of dangerous mine openings. This is also aimed at preventing or reducing water ingress into the mine openings, illegal mining, accidents such falling of kids into the shafts and to increase the land usability. This article will also highlight some of the successes and improvement needed to address these challenges. Furthermore, it will also demonstrate how scientific investigations are helping in providing guidance on environmental management policies, legislation and measures to strengthen environmental compliance in South Africa.
Chaitamart Jittin
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
Title: Tourist Spatial – Temporal Distribution and Hotspots analysis in Hongkong via Instagram Geotagged photos using Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis and GIS
Time : 13:20-13:40
Biography:
Abstract:
Tourist spatial and temporal patterns could be investigated from analysing digital and social clues that tourists leave behind their trips by either accidental or intentional purposes. When considering to tourism sustainability, spatial-temporal distribution of tourists plays an important role in strategic planning. However, tourists spatial-temporal distribution is still a neglected topic in urban tourism field. This research aims to demonstrate the potential of using rich geotagged data from Instagram to investigate and identify the spatial-temporal distribution and main tourist attractions of inbound tourists in Hong Kong. This approach is using geo-spatial data from the popular photo-sharing site which goes far beyond the cost, scale and timeliness of traditional questionnaire surveys.The method is based on exploiting over 1 million geotagged photos from over 200,000 international tourists collected over a period of one year in conjunction with exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA). ESDA is a collection of GIS spatial statistical approaches that are extensively used to analyse and identify the spatial autocorrelation and heterogeneity as well as visualize hotspots regions of the data over the space. The global Moran’s I statistics of the spatial temporal distribution of inbound tourists in Hong Kong indicate the strong positive and significant autocorrelation. In addition, the Moran significant map and the Anselin Local Moran’s I (LISA statistic) reveal two significant hot spots of inbound tourists which are Central - Wanchai cluster and Tsim Sha Tsui–Mongkok cluster, other two significant attractions which are Hong Kong Disneyland and the big buddha clusters in the morning and the afternoon, and two additional regions of Hong Kong airport and shatin clusters at night. Based on the results, it’s indicated that the spatial distribution is more clustered in the evening and more dispersed during the day time. These areas consist of shopping centers, theme parks and major tourist attractions that attract majority of tourists in Hong Kong. However, there are some different significant hot spots occurred at various time scales.
Benyamin Sapiie
Bandung Institute of Technology, Indonesia
Title: Geometry and evolution of fold-thrust belt: Insight sandbox modeling
Time : 13:40-14:00
Biography:
Benyamin Sapiie has completed his PhD and Post-doctoral studies in Structural Geology from the University of Texas at Austin, USA. Currently, he is the Dean of Faculty of Earth Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia. His reseach interest include fault and fracture mechanics, analogue sandbox modeling, active tectonic, earthquakes and geomechanics. He has published several papers in reputed journals and has been received various awards.
Abstract:
Fold-Thrust-Belt (FTB) deformation is very complex due to their geometries such as low angle, stacking and thickening. Relationships between shortening and fault geometries as well as their sequences are the main important issues in understanding FTB deformation. However, in many cases is difficult to analyze using subsurface data due to the poor seismic image quality as a results of complex deformation style particularly tight folds and steep faults. Therefore, in evaluation FTB need to focus in conducting retrodeformable sequences or palinspatic reconstructions trough balancing cross-sections. The result of palinspatic reconstructions will validate using sandbox modeling. This paper is presented results of presented essential roles of Sandbox Modeling in supporting the understanding of FTB deformation. The results of the study show the importance of pre-existing structures in controlling FTB deformation styles. Others geological data such as mechanical stratigraphy thickness governed by facies and their initial slope is among the important parameter which clearly influenced in the final results of deformation. Basement configuration is one of the parameters seems to have major impact in fault styles such as thin-skinned versus thick-skinned FTB. Understanding these initial parameters conditions are very important issue in order to have the best modeling results. The result of this study was validated using 2D seismic data from Eastern Indonesia which consider as the main frontier exploration target area. This exercise is very important in order to explore FTB hydrocarbon potential particularly related to trap integrity, hydrocarbon maturation and migration issue as well as reservoir porosity.
Aruna Saxena
Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, India
Title: ACO/PSO Optimization based algorithm for Image clustering
Time : 14:00-14:20
Biography:
Aruna Saxena has PhD in Architecture using Remote Sensing and GIS technology in 2002. She did Specialization in Advance Remote Sensing and GIS from International Institute of Aerospace Survey and Earth Sciences (ITC), Enschede, the Netherlands in 2006. She has published more about 70 research papers, guided 5 PhD thesis, 12 MTech thesis, authored one textbook on GIS and spatial data published in July 2008, organized various training programs and conferences, and prepared educational films
Abstract:
In our present topic, ant colony optimization (ACO) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) based optimization techniques have been applied to perform satellite image classification with fewer amounts of discontinuity, conflicts and constraint of imprecise knowledge and evaluation of data. Land cover analysis by virtue of image classification are always associated with certain amount of vagueness, uncertainty and ambiguity during the classification from the remotely sensed data. In the present scenario, we are able to presents a hybrid ACO/PSO technique that are extracted through expert knowledge for a more focused EOS satellite image classification. This abstract investigates the principle of traditional rule mining, which will produce more non-supplementary candidate sets when it reads data into candidate items. Especially, when it deals with massive data, if the minimum support and minimum confidence are relatively small, combinatorial explosion of common item sets will occur and computational power and storage space required are likely to exceed the limits of machine. ACO/PSO optimization algorithm based on conventional ant-miner and swarm optimization algorithm is proposed and is used in rules mining for supervised clustering of digital number (DN) values
in satellite images. Measurement formula of effectiveness of the rules is improved and pheromone concentration update strategy is also carried out. The experiment results show that execution time of proposed algorithm is lower than traditional algorithm and has better execution time and accuracy for EOS image.
Ernest Berkman
Emerald Exploration Consultants, Inc. and Larry Lind, Lind Geophysical Company, Canada
Title: Seismic exploration and mine planning, comox coal field vancouver island, Canada
Time : 14:20-14:40
Biography:
Ernest Berkman has graduated from the Colorado School of Mines in Geophysical Engineering, 1958. He has worked for Mobil Oil for 20 years and then started EMEX. At EMEX, his experience includes prospect analysis and regional geological/geophysical studies including reflection, gravity, magnetics, MT, refraction analysis, in North America and worldwide; plus a lot of shallow seismic for coal mine development and site characterization. Interpretation background includes site characterization, and technical writing, modeling, quality control, project and team management, industrial teaching, and mentoring. He has been a Member of the SEG since 1955. He has 28 geological and geophysical papers.
Abstract:
In 1997, Tsable River Coal Company owned the Raven coal project; in 2006, it was owned by Compliance Energy. The seismic investigation for both companies was conducted by Emerald Exploration Consultants, Inc. (EMEX). It consisted of a series of seismic lines totaling 43 km. The goal was to characterize the coal beds and any subsurface features that might affect the planned underground mine plan. In 2008, Compliance Energy formed the Comox Joint Venture which was made up of Compliance Energy which controlled 60%, 20% by I-Comox Coal Inc. and 20% by LG International Investments, Canada Ltd. It was to receive up to $500,000,000 in funding from the minority partners. In 2009, additional core drilling was undertaken, and this data was reviewed by EMEX in 2010. In 2016, after spending over $25,000,000 and failing to obtain the necessary permits all debts were paid and the joint venture and company was dissolved. The presentation deals with the location, seismic data, geology, geologic correlation, synthetic seismograms and the utilization of the newest seismic data display techniques. The reflectors are interpreted to be caused by coal/rock interfaces with reflections from rock/rock interfaces being infrequent. The data indicates the presence of multiple thrust faulted coal seams, with beds dipping to the northeast. Erosional surfaces and lithologic changes related to variations in the coal zone are present. The presence of several sonic logs makes correlation of the seismic reflectors to specific coal seams clear cut. The presence of shallow coal amenable to strip mining is noted.
Nepal C Dey,
Research and Evaluation Division, BRAC, Bangladesh
Title: Application of remote sensing information for assessing excess water on crop productivity and associated costs: A case study in northwest Bangladesh
Time : 14:40-15:00
Biography:
Nepal C Dey has completed his PhD from Tottori University, Japan after completion of MSc in Water Resources Engineering from Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka. He is the Senior Research Fellow of Research and Evaluation Division, BRAC, a premier #1 NGO in the world. He has relatively a long experience in research, teaching and consultancy on water and environmental issues with public, private and UN organizations. He is a Professional in Water Resources Engineering. He has published more than 50 papers in reputed journals and book chapters and has been serving as an Editorial Board Member of repute. His research interest includes: remote sensing in environment and sustainability of water resources.
Abstract:
Rapid expansion of irrigated agriculture and decline of rainfall mainly in the dry period have resulted in a decline in the groundwater table and depletion of groundwater stores in many countries including Bangladesh. We explored the application of remote sensing information for assessing the effects of excess water on water productivity and irrigation costs for BRRI dhan 28 (a common variety of dry season (boro) rice). The excess water lifted in five selected sub-districts was calculated using data on the gross irrigation water requirement (GIWR) and total lifted water for irrigation using remote sensing information, empirical models and direct method.GIWR ranged from 139.8 to 204.2 million m3 considering a conveyance and distribution loss of 10% of total. On average, 80% of the lifted water was necessary to meet irrigation water requirements; the remaining fifth was termed “excess water”. The cost of excess water was estimated to be $28.2-$90.8 per hectare from deep tubewells and $97.0-$129.4 per hectare from shallow tubewells. Irrigation costs were reduced by about 25% and average yields increased by 8.1% to 13.7% when the Alternate Wetting and Drying (AWD) method was used. Use of excess water in AWD fields was also much lower than in traditional fields in all sub-districts. On average, only 10% excess water to GIWR was lifted when AWD method followed. However, modern water management technologies like AWD are likely to be less effective unless volumetric irrigation methods are used. Awareness campaigns and advocacy of modern irrigation management concepts such as low water demanding high value crops, volumetric water charging system can improve water-use efficiency by preventing excess groundwater use and reduce associated costs.
Sheila Lynch-Benttinen
Independent Researcher, Duxbury MA USA
Title: The Blue-Red Grace Theorem
Time : 15:15-15:35
Biography:
Sheila Lynch-Benttinen has completed her Master’s degree from Harvard University. She is the Executive Director of The Northeast Advanced Vehicle Consortium, an organization in Boston, MA. She is an independent Researcher.
Abstract:
The Blue-Red Grace Theorem posits that gravity data taken from two data collecting space satellites (The GRACE project, NASA’s Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) of Earth's crust, is data taken far enough away, as predicted by Einstein, to not adhere to classical mechanics, but to general relativity, with gravity being the warping of space time. The theorem is based on Einstein's insight into what gravity is, the warping of space-time fabric. Einstein's field equations are used by astrophysicists to adjust small movement in space, such as GPS data, to fit relativity, which are small adjustments, but gravity data taken of earth from space by microwave sensing theoretically shows mass warping space/time. The movement of mass is recorded as blue and the accretion of mass is recorded as red in the GRACE maps of the globe produced by NASA. The data shows ancient very large movements of mass warping space/time that point to ancient geological events. Time is relative in the data. The gravity data, according to the theorem, shows ancient movements of mass in blue associated with volcanoes, bolides, plate tectonics, and also mass accretion.
Nepal C Dey
Research and Evaluation Division, BRAC, Bangladesh
Title: Impact of flash flood’17 on livelihood and food habit of haor dwellers in northeast Bangladesh: BRAC’s support to reduce vulnerability
Time : 15:35-15:55
Biography:
Nepal C Dey has completed his PhD from Tottori University, Japan after completion of MSc in Water Resources Engineering from Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka. He is the Senior Research Fellow of Research and Evaluation Division, BRAC, a premier #1 NGO in the world. He has relatively a long experience in research, teaching and consultancy on water and environmental issues with public, private and UN organizations. He is Professional in Water Resources Engineering. He has published more than 50 papers in reputed journals and book chapters and has been serving as an Editorial Board Member of repute. His research interest includes: remote sensing in environment and sustainability of water resources.
Abstract:
The recent flash flood in April 2017 in the northeast region, triggered by heavy rainfall, has breached parts of embankments and resulted in huge loss of asset and income of haor dwellers. The flood has not only damaged boro crop, which is the only seasonal rice crop that farmers grow annually, but also has affected the overall livelihoods of haor dwellers. The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of flash flood’17 on livelihood including food habit of haor dwellers. One of the study objectives was to understand the effectiveness of government as well as BRAC’s support during flood. The study covered 62 villages of 31 unions under 6 districts with a total of 1845 households. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were employed in the study. Results show that household heads who were employed with agricultural activities before the flood (52%) became unemployed (21%) after the flood. Respondents reported that they changed their usual food habits, roughly one-third of households consumed two instead of three meals per day, 53% adapted consuming to less food and 16% had low nutritious food due to the scarcity of food. The lack of money and loss of main boro crop were the main contributing factors of crisis for haor dwellers. To reduce the vulnerability and improve livelihood of the victims, 47% and 28% of the victims received support from BRAC and Government emergency responses respectively within three weeks of flood. This depicted that BRAC’s emergency response mechanism to the affected population was relatively more efficient and faster in a humanitarian crisis like flood. Ensuring availability of nutritious food for the affected population to escape from stunting due to inadequacy of food intake for many days after the flood should be ensured. As livelihood with agricultural activities were being affected most of the years, alternative employment opportunities, such as skills development training for youth, e.g. driving, electrical, tailoring and garments,
Nashon J Adero
Technical University Bergakademie Freiberg, Germany
Title: Operationalizing progressive mining regulations – Lessons from Kenya on integrating geospatial models into system dynamics
Time : 15:55-16:15
Biography:
Nashon J Adero is researching on mine surveying (PhD) at the Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, Germany. He has acquired cross-sector experience in the surveying and mapping industry, public service and academia. He has held positions of Tunnel Surveyor, Policy Analyst at Kenya’s leading public policy think tank, and Manager in the Geomatics industry. He lectures on Surveying and GIS at Taita Taveta University, Kenya. His publications have focused on environmental modelling, spatial planning and cross-cutting policy research. He is a member of professional bodies and networks, including the Institution of Surveyors of Kenya (ISK), System Dynamics Society, and Kenya DAAD Scholars Association.
Abstract:
Kenya enacted a new Mining Act in 2016, replacing the old one of 1940. Considered Africa’s most progressive mining law, the Act seeks to transform Kenya’s mining sector by making key provisions for transparency and inclusivity in managing the critical issues of land, environment, benefits sharing, stakeholder rights and community expectations. Under Kenya Vision 2030, the share of mining in the GDP should increase from 1% to double digits. Looking beyond a project-level scale is critical to operationalizing progressive mining regulations, since decision makers need to visualize regional dynamics and recognize the big picture in the environment. These facts motivate a study on optimizing mine planning by integrating geospatial models into system dynamics. The background study justifying this research revealed a weak integration of spatial metrics into the existing decision support models. A case study of Kenya’s mineral and conservation belt in Taita Taveta County is used to demonstrate how integrating geospatial models into system dynamics can enhance decisions across extensive spatial and temporal scales. Data layers on topography, cadastre, human settlements, mining hotspots and natural resources constitute the spatial criteria, captured using ground surveying and remote sensing techniques. Weighted spatial and regulatory criteria are integrated to develop a dynamic systems model that supports decisions on measures and scenario simulations for sustainable mining practices and policies. GIS is applied to achieve spatial integrity and transparency in operationalizing the regulations, hence generating location-specific insights for enhanced utility of model-based systems engineering through the stages of a mine’s life cycle.
A E Radwan,
Gulf of Suez Petroleum Company, Egypt
Title: Hydrocarbon type investigation using the synthetic logs and special petrophysics method in the untested Sidri zone, Badri field, Gulf of Suez, Egypt
Time : 16:15-16:35
Biography:
A E Radwan is a PhD student and Geologist at Gulf of Suez Petroleum Company which is a joint venture of British Petroleum, Egypt. He has published more than 5 papers in reputed journals. He has participated with SEG, AAPG and SPE and in a lot of conferences in Europe and Egypt. He volunteered some organizations in Egypt related to Science and Education.
Abstract:
Determination of hydrocarbon type in the lack of pressure gradients and the absence of sonic log is the main challenge in the zone of interest, In this paper, we used well logging relations between density and sonic in the wells which have sonic logs at the zone of interest to create synthetic sonic log, secondly by applying special petrophysical studies to help for estimation of hydrocarbon type. Two empirical equations were derived then these extracted empirical equations were applied to predict a sonic synthetic log for the two wells under investigation (unknown) which have no recorded sonic logs these are (B and C) wells. Crossplot technique was used to estimate the hydrocarbon type in the zone of interest using the synthetic sonic curve, original density curve, original neutron curve. The results of this study revealed that firstly the synthetic logs play a great role in solving of petrophysical and geological problems, secondly, the obtained synthetic sonic log from the derived empirical equations makes a sense with lithology and other logs (neutron and gamma) and it is recommended to be used in Badri field for the zone of interest level, thirdly, the synthetic sonic log, in corporation with the density and the neutron logs with the crossplots can help for estimation of fluid type. The final result that the most likely hydrocarbon type in well (B) is an oil zone while it is a gas zone signature in well (C).
Sergey Gubanov
Samara State Technical University, Russia
Title: Modelling of non–linear viscoplastic oil flow to a well
Time : 16:35-16:55
Biography:
Sergey Gubanov has completed his Bachelor’s degree program “Exploitation and Maintenance of Oil Production Facilities”, at Oil-Technological Department. In 2017, he has completed his Master’s degree program in Material Engineering and Technology of Materials, summa cum laude. From the first course, he took part in different workshops, contests, conferences (Moscow, Saint Petersburg, Tomsk, Novosibirsk, Sochi, Sakhalin and other cities). During his study, he has published 13 scientific works. He is also a Co-author of the Russian Federation patent â„– 2607486. He has received the President’s and Governor’s award and the Alabin’s award. Since 2015, he is a
realizer of the Russian Scientific Foundation grant “Method of high-viscosity oil deposits development with possibility of periodic formation heating”. Now, he works as an Assistant Professor at Samara State Technical University, “Oil and gas field development and operation” Department. He conducts laboratory and practical classes on the subject "underground hydromechanics of hydrocarbons".
Abstract:
Extraction and designing of systems for the development of high-viscosity oil is one of the most perspective direction of development of the fuel and energy complex. During the last few decades, deposits have been explored and introduced into the world, many of which was presented by deposits of oil with high viscosity. As a rule, oils of this class have pronounced rheological properties due to the content of high-molecular components. Experimental studies have proved the ability of high-viscosity oil to display at flow the properties typical of non-Newtonian systems. The relationship between pressure gradient and rate of movement in real reservoirs may be non-linear due to the interaction of asphaltenes and resins, forming the plastic structure in the oil. The impact of the restructuring processes on the viscosity of the oil and the possibility of Darcy’s law violation are not considered in most of the known hydrodynamic simulations. The authors of the article justified the analytical model of the pseudostationary flow of non-linear viscoplastic oil to the vertical well with a random configuration of the drainage area. The result of the study is the choice of the system of reservoir stimulation, which allows effective regulation of the structural and mechanical properties of high-viscosity oil. Namely, periodic formation heating with help of grid wells with dual-well system. The effect is reached by putting of solid fuel source, located
in proximity to the impact object. The technical solution that supposes formation exposing with a dual-well system aims at recurrent layer warm-up with the help of a high-temperature solid-fuel or liquid source located in the bottom-hole zone of the vertical well bore and production of formation water through the additional lateral hole located within the warm-up radius outside the zone of expected rock damage. Small-sized subsurface pumping equipment is run in the hole, e.g. with pump location in the lateral hole. The method proposed by the authors can be useful for small deposits of high-viscosity oil.
- Geosciences | Geology | Structural Geology and Tectonics | Environmental Geology | Seismology | Petrology | Mineralogy | Geophysics | Geomechanics | Remote Sensing | GIS | GPS and Photogrammetry | Multi Temporal Data Processing | Location Based Services and Mobile GI application | Disaster Assessment and Management | Remote Sensing and GIS Market | Natural Hazards and Disasters | Drones or Unmanned Aerial Systems in GIS
Location: Copa Room C
Chair
Aruna Saxena
Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, India
Co-Chair
Ernest Berkman
President at Emerald Exploration Consultants, Inc, USA
Session Introduction
Tanya Saxena
Central Queensland University, Australia
Title: A feasibility analysis on applying remotely sensed data for wheat crop inventory in Indore district of M.P. , India
Time : 11:00-11:20
Biography:
Tanya Saxena is currently pursing Bachelor’s degree of Business from CQ University, Melbourne. She has vast experience on feasibility analysis of different products. She has presented many papers at national as well as international level conferences
Abstract:
Agricultural crop inventories provide important baseline information that can be used by stakeholders to assess the sustainability of the agricultural sector. Changing climatic conditions and the changing economics of the agriculture sector continually force producers to adapt or alter their growing practices year to year. Annual inventories provide an information base to determine the impacts of policies and programs designed to encourage production that is beneficial to the long-term sustainability of the sector. Remote sensing watershed management in dry land agricultural areas, improving irrigation efficiency, addressing disaster management, providing farmer’s advisories and agro-meteorological services have been helpful in rejuvenation of agriculture. In this paper a feasibility study is carried out for using remote sensing satellite images for wheat crop inventory in the Indore district of Madhya Pradesh, India. After a study on availability of different imagery resources covered this area and the way of accessing such data in a good manner, LISS-III for flowering stage of wheat crop and AWiFS images from wheat sowing to harvesting is selected as the source of data. After that the image processing steps required for extracting useful information are discussed and finally a practical model is proposed that should be implemented for applying the model on the real condition. The simulation results based on prototype data and previous studies showed the effectiveness of the proposed model.
Vishavjeet Singh Goraya
University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, India
Title: Alternative (unconventional) sources of energy from India
Time : 11:20 - 11:40
Biography:
Vishavjeet Singh Goraya is a student of Geoscience Engineering at University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, India. The author has presented various papers across India and internationally he has presented the paper in 4th International conference on Geology and Geosciences . He is aan emerging geoscientist from India
Abstract:
India’s upstream oil industry travelled a long way since the discovery of oil in the historic Digboi well no. 1. At present India’s estimated resource base is 28 Billion Metric Tonnes (BMT) of oil and oil equivalent gas (O+OEG) and proven in place reserve is about 10 Million Metric Tonnes (MMT) of O+OEG. Apart from conventional sources; there are other types of hydrocarbon sources which can serve as alternative energy sources. As the global hydrocarbon resource is declining fast, attention is given on these unconventional sources. In India also exploration & research for these special types of hydrocarbons are being carried out since goodprospects are indicated in various basins.Coal Bed Methane: The adsorbed methane in coal bed is now economically exploited through bore holes at a depth of 500 m to 1000 m. The Gondwana basins containing huge deposits of coal are the best source for CBM. Exploration in almost all the Gondwana Basins is in progress. The prognosticated CBM resource is calculated as 92 TCF and in place gas reserve as 8.39 TCF for 33 blocks under exploration. Commercial production has commenced from one block in Raniganj (South) in Damodar Basin. Gas Hydrate: Frozen layer of methane hydrate over the seabed sediment is a prolific source of gas hydrate containing both biogenic and thermogenic gas. This ice –like compound is stable in permafrost regions as well as in low temperature/high pressure regimes present in deep oceans. Presence of Gas Hydrates has been established in deep offshore of Krishna Godavari, Mahanadi and Andaman areas. Oil Shale: Shales highly rich in organic matter from which significant quantities of oil and gas can be generated by synthetic methods are called shale oil. These are generally immature source rocks. In India oil shale prospects has been identified in Cambay, Upper Assam, Assam –Arakan & Rajasthan basins. Shale Gas: After the extraction of shale gas in USA, India has also started the expedition for the shale. Such gas could either be biogenic and/or thermogenic. Post-migration residual gas or adsorbed gas in shales is exploited by special drilling technology. Targeted basins are Gondwana basins and Petroliferous basins like Cambay, Krishna Godavari, Cauvery, Bengal and Upper Assam. The Gondwana basins could be considered as an important exploration frontier in view of the gas shows, favourable stratigraphy and igneous activities that may help maturation. Deep seated Gondwana rocks below the eastern pericratonic basins are prospective targets for deep basin gas, exploration for CBM started in prospective Gondwana basins in a big way. It is expected that within 5 years
CBM will be a major source for supplementary gas production. Gas Hydrates (GH) and Shale Gas are in research stage. It is expected that soon actual exploration could be started.
Ernest Berkman and Bruce Howe
Emerald Exploration Consultants, Inc., Canada
Title: Regional geology and exploration potential of Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan utilizing public domain information including gravity and magnetic data
Time : 12:00 - 12:20
Biography:
Ernest Berkman has graduated from the Colorado School of Mines in Geophysical Engineering, 1958. He has worked for Mobil Oil for 20 years and then started EMEX. At EMEX, his experience includes prospect analysis and regional geological/geophysical studies including reflection, gravity, magnetics, MT, refraction analysis, in North America and worldwide; plus a lot of shallow seismic for coal mine development and site characterization. Interpretation background includes site characterization, and technical writing, modeling, quality control, project and team management, industrial teaching, and mentoring. He has been a Member of the SEG since 1955. He has 28 geological and geophysical papers.
Abstract:
The findings are derived from public domain sources in the area of Kazakhstan. The geologic setting, plate tectonics, geothermal regime, satellite imagery, and gravity and magnetic data are discussed. Our analysis shows the presence of basin areas. These basins appear to contain sedimentary rocks of Paleozoic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous age, which are considered to be prospective for hydrocarbon accumulation, since they produce in the adjacent prolific Caspian and West Siberian basins. The basins are underlain
with a thick section of Paleozoic strata resting on a variegated granitic basement, associated with several tectonic plates. The Paleozoic
strata contain a series of extensional/trans-tensional older basins. Uplift and movement along strike-slip faults associated with
major lineaments produced a regional angular unconformity, was followed by further deposition. This can easily be identified on
nonproprietary seismic data. Abrupt surface elevation variations relate to the sub-thrusting and movement of the underlying tectonic
plates. Regional gravity shows the basin shape and major structural elements involving the geologic features. The work of Sandwell
etal, 1997, was reviewed and compared to WGM2012 to ensure that the best data was utilized. The difference between the Isostatic
and Bouguer values was displayed. This regional map portrays major tectonic features as positive features, and basins as negative
“noses” from larger negative elements. The magnetic data is enhanced with the utilization of published high resolution aeromagnetic
data. Observations from the magnetic data are consistent with the other data. There are amplitude and character changes between the
magnetic data overlying the various tectonic plates.
Zhipeng Lin
Yangtze University, China
Title: Process reconstruction of ancient channel deposition based on the modern geomorphology characteristics of meandering river
Time : 13:20-13:40
Biography:
Zhipeng Lin is a Post-graduate student, doing his research work in the Department of School of Geosciences, Yangtze University, Wuhan, Hubei, China. He has his expertise in the research of fluvial sedimentology, fluvial morphology, fluvial environment, reservoir architecture and unconformity structure. He has carried out research of Geology for 6 years and has completed 11 more academic papers. Firstly, he proposed the unconformity structure of “two-dimensional structure” and “three-dimensional structure” and the channel platform migration architecture of meandering rivers. He is now been serving as an Editorial Board Member of the “SciFed Journal of Global Warming
Abstract:
The techniques of the sedimentary and depositional process are increasingly becoming a globalization trend of the advancement and development of earth science research at home and abroad, and are gradually penetrating into the geological disciplines, which is based on the geomorphology foundation. Especially, the evolution of the meandering river is definitely calling for this kind of method to reveal the historical evolution rule of the geological elements and guides. Combined the modern geomorphologic features with the ancient deposition cause, the sedimentary architectures of meandering channel underground are accurately uncovered. Currently, the reservoirs of the meandering river are one of the most important types of continental reservoirs. The study of the structure of the underground body is also the key for scientists and geologists to prove the distribution of remaining oil reserving in the underground space. Therefore, in order to tackle the problem of reservoir heterogeneity of temporal and spatial distributions of the underground meandering river and reconstruct the past depositional process, the prime task is to master the disciplines of modern geomorphology. Though the study of migration architectures of the modern meandering river, the evolution process and the structural response to the sedimentary hierarchy can be revealed originally from beginning to an end.
Akaninyene Okon Akankpo,
University of Uyo, Nigeria
Title: Poisson’s ratio of surface soils and shallow sediments determined from seismic compressional and shear wave velocities
Time : 13:40-14:00
Biography:
Akaninyene Okon Akankpo holds PhD degree in Geophysics from Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria. He is currently lecturing at the Department of Physics, University of Uyo, Nigeria. He has published more than 30 articles in reputable journals both locally and internationally. He is a Member of some professional bodies including Nigerian Institute of Physics (NIP) and Physics Writers Creation Series (PWCS).
Abstract:
This paper presents the results of the seismic compressional, P- and shear, S-wave measurements carried out on unconsolidated top-soil at the different locations in the Akwa Ibom, Nigeria to determine Poisson’s ratio. Seismic refraction data was used to determine the Poisson’s ratio as an aid to the engineering foundation. A 12-channel seismograph with signal stacking ability was used together with the high frequency (100 Hz) geophones on the top-soil. The geophone intervals were set to the 5 m at all locations. In all locations, Vp/Vs ratio ranged from 1.0289 to 1.4185 for the top layer. Vp/Vs ratio in the second layer ranged from the 1.0512 to 1.5834. The Poisson’s ratio for the first layer ranged from the −8.0324 to 0.2060. For the second layer, the Poisson’s ratio ranged from the −0.7567 to 0.1683. The values of Vp/Vs ratio less than 2 in the first layer and in some locations in second layer resulted in negative Poisson’s ratio. The negative and low values of Poisson’s ratio are the symptomatic of occurrence of ripable anisotropic materials in the locations where they occur, which suggests that the indicated average depth should be removed and refilled with the geomaterials that may be resilient to carry engineering loads.
M A Elkhawaga
Gulf of Suez Petroleum Company, Egypt
Title: New simulation technique to estimate the hydrocarbon type for the two untested members of belayim formation in the absence of pressure data, Badri Field, Gulf of Suez, Egypt
Time : 14:00-14:20
Biography:
A E Radwan is a PhD student and Geologist at Gulf of Suez Petroleum Company which is a joint venture of British Petroleum, Egypt. He has published more than 5 papers in reputed journals. He has participated with SEG, AAPG and SPE and in a lot of conferences in Europe and Egypt. He volunteered some organizations in Egypt related to Science and Education
Abstract:
Determination of the fluid type in a reservoir is considered one of the main essential purposes of the formation evaluation processes. Badri field is one of the most prolific areas in the Gulf of Suez, which locates in the southern part of Gulf of Suez. Presence of sandstone streaks in Baba and Sidri members within Belayim Formation in some wells among this field of comparitively high resistivity signature in Electric logs is that the main reason to analyze its petrophysical parameters, to delineate the most characterization of those sands and to judge their ability for hydrocarbon accumulation and production. This study aims to estimate the fluid varieties in these two untested members; particularly they are sandwiched between two productive sandstone zones; Hammam Faraun Member and Kareem Formation. The fluid type can be determined using formation pressure and pressure gradient, which play a great role to differentiate between the different formations fluids (oil, gas and water). Because of the absence of pressure information in studied wells, a new simulation technique was applied using well logging crossplot responses within the totally different hydrocarbon types (oil and/or gas), which were tested before to estimate the fluid type in the untested two studied zones. These include (Density-Neutron, Sonic-Neutron, M-N and MID) crossplots. This can be performed by correlation of the crossplot responses within the two productive sandstone zones; Hammam Faraun and Kareem Formation Member versus the untested studied Sandstone zones of Sidri and Baba members, depend upon the similarities and therefore the variations between the crossplot responses or signatures in the oil and gas fluids. The results of this approach revealed that the most fluid type in (BDR-A8) and (BDR-B9) wells is gas in Baba and Sidri zones and oil in the (BDR-A9) well for Baba zone.
Siwei Li
Howard University, USA
Title: Remote sensing of aerosol by using ceilometer
Time : 14:20-14:40
Biography:
Siwei Li graduated from Department of Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, State University of New York, Albany, and now is a Research Scientist at NOAA Center For Atmospheric Sciences, Howard University. He is also Adjunct Graduate Professor at Graduate School of Howard University. His research focuses on radiative transfer model, remote sensing of aerosols, clouds and aerosol cloud interactions.
Abstract:
The remote sensing of PM2.5 (particulate matter concentration with aerodynamic diameter d≤2.5 μm) mass concentration is mostly based on the measurements of AOD (aerosol optical depth) that is a common product of satellite and ground instruments which measure spectral radiance. The relationship between surface PM2.5 and column integrated AOD is found associated with vertical and size distribution of aerosols. In this study, a non-linear regression model combining AOD and near surface backscatter for estimation of PM2.5 is developed and tested based on 6 years ground measurements from HUBC (Howard University Beltsville Campus) facility. Overall, the non-linear model explains ~60% of the variability in hourly PM2.5. The RMSE (root-mean-square error) is ~5.83 μg/m3 with a corresponding average PM2.5 of 15.43 μg/m3. That is a big improvement to the linear model using AOD alone (~40% of the variability, RMSE is ~7.14 μg/m3). The ceilometer measured near surface backscatter is found to improve the estimation of PM2.5-AOD relationship the most compared to other factors, such as aerosol size indicator, surface temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and pressure especially when AOD is large (AOD≥0.3). As aerosol size indicator, two Angstrom exponents are calculated by AOD at three wavelengths of 415, 500, 860 nm and are found also important to the PM2.5-AOD relationship. In addition to the HUBC site, the model is tested based on the 4 years (2012 to 2015) measurements from ARMSGP site and the nearest EPA site. The results also show the significant role of the ceilometer measured near surface backscatter on improving estimation of PM2.5. This study illustrated the potential of ceilometer on investigation of air pollution. With broad ceilometer network, ground-level particle concentrations can be better determined.
Gervais W Tabopda
Georgia Institute of Technology, USA
Title: Urban growth and fuelwood distribution in dry tropical Africa: A next challenge for sustainable management of protected areas
Time : 14:40-15:00
Biography:
Gervais Wafo Tabopda has completed his PhD in Geography and Regional Planning from University of Orleans in France in September 2008. He is a Lecturer in College of Design at Georgia Institute of Technology (Georgia Tech). He was a Lecturer at the University of Orleans in France and Head of Research Division at The Center of Innovation of Orleans. He has published several papers in reputed French journals in the field of remote sensing and geographic information systems. He currently teaches introduction to GIS (Geographic Information System), environmental GIS and remote sensing to undergraduate and graduate students at School of City Regional Planning
Abstract:
Protected areas in tropical dry Africa appear to be excellent support structures for the sustainable management of natural resources. However, they are increasingly subject to anthropogenic pressures linked to the dual factor of urban growth and domestic energy needs. It is the case of the Laf-Madjam Forest Reserve (5000 ha) in Cameroon, located 60 kilometers south of the city of Maroua (350,000 inhabitants). Since the late 1980s, this forest reserve has become the main area for the exploitation of fuelwood for households in the city of Maroua, where two forest reserves disappeared in the 1970s, under the pressure of timber harvesting. The decline of woody vegetation following the timber harvesting and the lack of public policy strategy for reforestation and management of cuts in Laf-Madjam Forest Reserve, profoundly disturb the ecosystem of this protected area, which would represent both a climate regulator and a shelter of the vegetal cover in the whole of the Diamare plain. This paper, which focuses on the interactions between urban areas and protected areas in relation to energy needs in the Far North region of Cameroon, presents a dual thematic and methodological concern. First, it aims at better understanding of the difficult integration of conservation policies in urban functions in sub-Saharan Africa and secondly, to implement a study approach adapted to the analysis of the relationships between cities and protected areas in a context of obvious environmental vulnerability. The remote sensing data enabled us to highlight the dynamics of vegetation cover in this reserve between 1986 and 2015, using GIS analysis. Multispectral Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) and Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM+) satellite images from 1986, 2001 and 2010 were acquired and pre-processed. Multidate hybrid classification of the images was performed and four land use/land cover classes (woody savanna, shrub savanna, crops, little bare ground vegetation) was derived. The post-classification change detection techniques were performed to characterize and quantify changes in land cover and land use. The results show a decrease of the vegetation cover since 1986 with a rate of 0.51% per year. Thus, between 1986 and 2015, the clear forest and the savannah, mainly woody species have experienced a considerable decline. The dynamics of the woods characterized by satellite image processing and GIS tools is the consequence of the ever increasing demand for fuelwood in the surrounding localities. Moreover, field observations and analyses of fuelwood distribution flows in the city of Maroua enable us to highlight the contribution of the protected areas in this activity. More than 40% of the fuelwood distributed in the city of Maroua comes from protected areas (i.e., around 700 m3 of volume per year) with an estimated average consumption of 0.9 kg per household per day.
Terri Bannister
University of Louisiana at Lafayette, USA
Title: Mapping geohazards in the Churia region of Nepal: An application of remote sensing and geographic information systems to quantify change
Time : 15:15-15:35
Biography:
Terri Bannister has completed her MSc in Geology from the University of Louisiana at Lafayette and undergraduate studies specializing in Geomatics at the University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. She is a Research Associate with the University of Louisiana at Lafayette at the USGS Wetland and Aquatic Research Center. She has seven papers published to her credit. Her research interests focus on remote sensing and GIS as they can be applied to geology. She has been a Board Member of the Lafayette Geological Society for three years.
Abstract:
Degradation in the Churia region of Nepal related to landslides, unregulated gravel mining and deforestation are believed to be increasing exponentially in frequency and magnitude in recent decades. Little work has been done in Bara and Rautahat districts to quantify these geohazards and correlate with changes in landuse/deforestation/urbanization in the study area. Other objectives of this project include quantifying the extent monsoon flooding exacerbates the Churia degradation process, quantifying the extent gravel mining exacerbates the degradation process and generating a landslide hazard risk map. Remote Sensing and GIS provided accurate, efficient and cost-effective tools to quantify the degradation of these geohazards using optical imagery, NDVI analysis, unsupervised landuse classifications, lineament detection, landslide detection, temporal change, field investigations, gravel and mining excavation data, historic precipitation data and rock descriptions. GIS and remote sensing analysis spanned 40 years (1976-2016) with field work taking place during summer 2014. The research found that while gravel mining has decreased in recent years, the damage has been done and continues (weakened infrastructure, barren and wider river beds and increased river velocities). Other findings include, deforestation is increasing 1.03% annually, the total area impacted by landslides continues to increase and 70% of the Siwalik has moderate to high risk for landslides. The algorithm modified to detect landslide scars over estimates scars but provides an integral starting point for efficiently detecting landslide scars. Improved understanding of the linkages between these dynamic geohazards and the human dimension are vital for policy makers to develop sound geohazard mitigation.
A E Radwan
Gulf of Suez Petroleum Company, Egypt
Title: Define the geopressure ramps based on well logs in Morgan and Badri oil field, Gulf of Suez- Egypt
Time : 15:35-15:55
Biography:
A E Radwan is a PhD student and Geologist at Gulf of Suez Petroleum Company which is a joint venture of British Petroleum, Egypt. He has published more than 5 papers in reputed journals. He has participated with SEG, AAPG and SPE and in a lot of conferences in Europe and Egypt. He volunteered some organizations in Egypt related to Science and Education.
Abstract:
The comprehension of the abnormal pore pressure is most becoming increasingly important to the both drilling and completion operations. Actually, the optimum well design requires, understanding of pore pressures, fracture pressure. If the abnormal pressures are not accurately predicted prior to drilling, catastrophic incidents could occur as kicks, well blowouts and well pack off. The high rates of sedimentation in El-Morgan and Badri especially through the Miocene time has created state of disequilibrium compaction that finally lead to the development of overpressure through certain horizons. The paper addresses defining the geopressure horizons in addition to the magnitudes of these abnormal pressures. Using datasets of five wells (three in Badri field and two in El-Morgan field) including well logs data (GR, resistivity and Sonic) and well site reports that including detailed about drilling
problems are used to calculate and calibrate the pore pressure. In the paper, Eaton's resistivity and the sonic methods are used for the pore pressure calculation with some modification in the Eaton exponent to be fit in the area of interest. In Eaton method, pore pressure calculated based on the primary generation of the overpressure redirection than the normal compaction trend due to the compaction disequilibrium and the effective stress theory. Edfu and the Saqqara fields are the case studies in the GOS region illustrate how to define the horizons of the geopressure and to improve pore pressure prediction in sedimentary formations
Odonkhuu Daria
Education for Sustainable Development project, GIZ, Mongolia
Title: Modelling the seasonal distribution of Wild bactrian camels of Mongolia in relation to changes of the environmental conditions
Time : 15:55-16:15
Biography:
Odonkhuu Daria is a Researcher from Mongolia who has completed his Master of Science degree in 2012 at University of Twente, the Netherlands in the field of Natural Resources Management. He is the Scientist in Animal Ecology and specialized his carrier in studying biodiversity distribution by GIS and Remote sensing application. He has published 5 articles on wildlife ecology and distribution in major scientific journals.
Abstract:
Wild Bactrian camel (Camelus bactrianus ferus) is a critically endangered large ungulate species. Only three distinct populations remained in the Desert of Central Asia. Population size in Mongolia is approximately 500 and distribution range has been shrinking. Application of GIS and remote sensing has not been used to study its distribution. The main objective was to identify the environmental factors influencing the distribution of the species in the study area. Distribution was predicted by MaxEnt modelling approach using presence only data with integrating the selected environmental predictors. Land surface temperature, NDVI, water sources, vegetation and soil types were used as main predictors in the modelling. Data set was separated into four seasons and model outputs were compared. Both the results of t-test (p<0.0001) and model prediction revealed that land surface temperature in summer has a significant influence on camel that preferring cooler areas avoiding hot temperatures of surrounding environment. Biomass abundance did not affect the camel distribution strongly. Camel preference to intermediate level of NDVI in most seasons can imply that food intake is based on forage quantity but not quality. Positive relationship of camel probability to higher NDVI in summer suggests that they prefer to herbaceous species which appear after rainfall. Model predicts that distance to the water sources is critical for camel distribution in all seasons and high probability of camel occurrence was predicted near water sources. Shallow mountain soils were predicted as desired soil types for distribution in summer. Spatial coexistence of herbaceous plants, mountain soils and areas of lower temperature are the favourable conditions in camel distribution during summer. There was a common distribution range predicted in spring, summer and autumn which can be considered as core distribution areas of annual range. Distribution of winter range is differed from other seasons. Distribution range predicted from the MaxEnt modelling was similar to the camel ranges described by other researchers. It can justify that there is a consistency between survey data and satellite tracking data to model the species distribution.
Long Guo
Huazhong Agricultural University, China
Title: Exploring the sensitivity of soil sample numbers in digital soil mapping and then choosing a suitable soil sampling plan
Time : 16:15-16:35
Biography:
Long Guo has completed his PhD from Wuhan University. Currently, he is the Lecturer of Huazhong Agricutural University. He has published more than 6 papers in reputed journals. His research focuses on the quantitative remote sensing of soil, the geostatistics and the digital soil mapping.
Abstract:
The soil sampling plan plays an important role in digital soil mapping because it can directly influence the quality of the sample datasets and hypothesis testing of different soil models. However, traditional sampling methods pay more attention to the geographical locations of the soil samples and ignore the spatial distribution characteristics of the soil types. The objective of this research was to check the performance of three traditional soil sampling methods, namely, random sampling, grid sampling and Latin hypercube sampling (LHS), and choose the suitable soil sampling numbers by three new indices: the ratio of sampling efficiency to performance (RSEP), the number of soil samples index (NSSI) and the comprehensive evaluation index of prediction accuracy (CEPA). Headwall hyperspectral sensors carried on a helicopter were used to collect visible and near-infrared spectral images (400–
1,700 nm) to predict the continuous the soil total carbon (STC) map. Our results showed that hyperspectral images can be used to estimate the spatial distribution of STC at a spatial resolution of 3 m, the performance of the grid sampling method was better than random sampling and LHS, and RSEP can be used to choose a suitable number of soil samples for the study region. Moreover, the actual field sampling plan can further certify the results of this study, and the hyperspectral images and the RSEP can be helpful in choosing a suitable soil sampling plan based on different demands and can offer useful information for digital soil mapping.